Federal Direct Loan borrowing limits
The US Department of Education sets strict statutory annual and aggregate loan limits for undergraduate and graduate students through the FAFSA system.
Dependent undergraduate students can borrow between $5,500 (freshman) and $7,500 (junior/senior) annually, with a lifetime aggregate cap of $31,000 (maximum $23,000 subsidized). Independent students can borrow up to $9,500 to $12,500 annually ($57,500 aggregate cap). Graduate students can borrow up to $20,500 per year ($138,500 aggregate cap).
Subsidized vs Unsubsidized loans
Direct Subsidized Loans are awarded based on financial need, and the US government pays the interest while you are enrolled at least half-time. Direct Unsubsidized Loans are not need-based; interest begins accruing immediately upon disbursement.
Inputs for federal loan eligibility
Dependency status
Dependent (under 24 and supported by parents) or Independent student.
Academic year / Grade level
1st year (freshman), 2nd year (sophomore), 3rd+ year, or graduate/professional.
Cost of Attendance (COA)
Total tuition, housing, and fees determined by your university.
CALCULATOR QUESTIONS
Federal student loan eligibility calculator questions
What is the maximum federal loan for a 4-year degree?
Dependent undergraduates can borrow up to $31,000 in total federal Direct Loans across their degree, of which no more than $23,000 may be subsidized.